Peru

Statut ITIE Progrès significatifs
Joined EITI in 2007
Dernières données de 2016
Site Internet EITI Peru
Last updated 5 March 2021

Overview

Peru is the piooner of EITI implementation in Latin America. It started to disclose revenue and payments information since 2007. EITI-Peru has published six EITI Reports covering fiscal years from 2004 to 2016 and disclosing around 50 billion USD in government revenues. The mining sector is the engine of Peru's economy.  Peru is the second largest producer of copper and a powerhouse in gold and silver mining. Gas production is also significant. This has helped the government achieve important improvements in social and development indicators and enhanced economic growth and stability. Poverty levels were reduced from 42.4% in 2007 to 20.7% in 2016. For more economic and social indicators, see World Bank's data on Peru. Despite the importance of the extractive industries, social conflict in the producing communities has been a recurrent problem. The 2015-2016 EITI Report discloses the number of social conflicts in 2015 (1,385) and 2016 (1,383) and reveals that more than 80% of total environmental/social conflicts were related to the mining sector.

In this context, Peru is using the EITI process to address key community concerns. For the first time, the 2015-2016 EITI Report provides extensive reporting on social and environmental issues. EITI Perú also has ambitious plans to provide more detail on the distribution and use of extractive industry revenues by regional and local authorities. For this purpose, five local EITI processes have been established in the regions of Apurímac, Arequipa, Loreto, Moquegua and Piura. The goal is to improve transparency and accountability in the use of the revenues flowing from the mining activity to the regions, municipalities and universities.

 

10 years of EITI reporting in Peru
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Tax and legal framework

The four main taxes and fees imposed on companies operating in the extractive sector, all of them paid to the central government, include corporate income tax, royalties, special mining tax (IEM for its Spanish acronym) and special mining burden (GEM for its Spanish acronym). The National Superintendence of Customs and Tax Administrations (SUNAT) is the main body responsible for collecting, and managing these four revenue streams. Other taxes/fees are collected by the hydrocarbons regulator PeruPetro and the cadastre office (Ingemmet). Hydrocarbons contracts are disclosed by PeruPetro. Awarded concessions are routinely published by Ingemmet.

In 2001, Peru established a law called “canon minero”, whereby 50% of corporate income tax collected from mining projects is to be distributed to the regions and municipalities hosting the project. This represented more than USD 550 million in 2017. Regional and local authorities must allocate these resources to finance public investment projects providing universal access to public services and generating benefits for the community.

Country Licenses

  • Mining concessions are awarded and administered by Ingemmet. The procedures for requesting a mining concession are explained here.
  • Hydrocarbon concessions are awarded and administered by PeruPetro. The bidding procedures are explained here.
Peru Petro statistics
Cadastre office (Ingemmet) annual report 2016
EITI Piura has opened doors for us to engage in truly informed dialogue with our regional government on the use of the money received from our hydrocarbons.
Francisco Cordova Sanchez, CSO activist in Piura

Production

Peru is a leading producer of mineral commodities ranking second in copper, silver and zinc production worldwide. In Latin America, Peru ranks first in gold, zinc and lead production. Oil production has been declining since 2007. Natural gas and condensates are concentrated in the Camisea basin in central Peru.

 

Mining production
Hydrocarbon production: Oil
Hydrocarbon production: Gas

Natural resources

Peru has rich deposits of copper, gold, silver, lead, zinc, natural gas and petroleum. Abundant mineral resources are found mainly in the mountainous areas. It is considered one of the top ten richest mineral countries in the world. The following chart shows reserves as of 2016:

Commodity

Reserves (proven and probable)

Unit
Oil402,324Thousand Million barrels
Liquified Natural Gas240,518Thousand Million barrels
Gold2,400Thousand metric tons
Copper81,000Thousand metric tons
Silver120Metric tons
Iron *1,403,189Thousand metric tons
Molybdenum450Thousand metric tons
Lead6,300Thousand metric tons
Zinc25,000Thousand metric tons

*Data from 2015

Source: 2015-2016 EITI Report

Ministry of Energy Statistics Bulletin for 2018

Oil and Gas production (in Sm3 o.e.)

Initializing chart.

Mineral Production (Tonnes)

Initializing chart.

Revenue collection

 

 

Initializing chart.

Receiving government entities

Revenue allocation

Regional and municipal governments receive, via transfers from the central government, around half of the Peruvian state’s revenues from the extractive industries. The other half is allocated to the national budget. There are a number of online tools with information about the national budget including Execution of funds and National budget systems.

Implementation

In July 2020 the EITI Board granted an extension to the publication of Peru's 2017 Report to 31 December 2020 and to the start of the 3rd Validation to 1 January 2021.

On 17 June 2019, the Board concluded that Peru has made “meaningful progress” with implementing the EITI Standard, with considerable improvements across several individual requirements. More information in the Validation section below.

Peru has produced a roadmap for the disclosure of the beneficial owners as per EITI Requirement 2.5 ahead of the deadline of 31st December 2016. Peru published its 2015-2016 EITI Report in February 2018. 

Governance

On 12 May 2006, the Government of Peru published an Executive Decree that created an EITI Working Group which represents the entire stakeholder’s constituency, and provides a legal basis to the implementation of EITI. The mandate of this working group was renewed by Presidential Decree 5 September 2008. In 2011, the EITI working group was given permanent status by Decree No.28-2011-EM of 11 June.

The EITI National Committee (called Comision Multisectorial Permanente del EITI, in Spanish) is chaired by EITI Champion Viceminister of Hydrocarbons Victor Murillo, and integrated by:

Technical Secretariat: Eleonora León y León
Government: Hugo Oropeza - Ministry of Finance DG Social Management; and Jorge Montero, Viceminister of Mines.
Civil Society - Universities: Ana Sabogal and Carlos Wendorff- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Civil Society - NGOs: Vanessa Cueto - Derecho, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (DAR) and César Flores - Cooperaccion.
Industry - Association: Carmen Mendoza - Sociedad Nacional de Mineria, Petroleo y Energia.
Industry - Companies: Carlos Aranda, Oscar Gonzales- Southern Peru Copper Co, Pablo Alcázar Freeport McMoran and Jorge Luis Mercado - Repsol.

 

EITI Peru hosted the 7th EITI Global Conference in February 2016.

Timeline

Validation

Peru was found to have made meaningful progress in meeting the EITI Standard in its first Validation on 11 January 2017.

The second Validation commenced on 11 Jully 2018, during which the EITI International Secretariat assessed the progress made in addressing the six corrective actions established by the EITI Board following the first Validation. On 17 June 2019, the Board decided that Peru made meaningful progress with considerable improvements. The Board has determined that Peru will have 12 months, i.e. until 17 June 2020 before a third Validation to carry out corrective actions. Under the new Validation schedule, Peru will be validated on 1 October 2021.

Peru's progress by requirement can be found in the scorecard below. 

Board decision in full
News item on the Validation result
Country statuses explained
Documentation: Validation Report

Peru's progress by requirement

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EITI Reports and other key documents

Peru Validation 2018

Date de publication: 
June, 2018
Editeur: 
EITI International Secretariat

The Board found on 17 June 2019 that Peru had made overall meaningful progress in implementing the Standard, with considerable improvements across individual requirements. See Board decision 2019-45/BM-43

Timeline of Validation and related materials

1 July 2018: Second Validation commenced.4 January 2019: International Secretariat sends the draft assessment to the Multi-Stakeholder Group (MSG) [English Spanish

En savoir plus
View all documents related to Peru in our publications library

Contacts

National Coordinator

Eleonora León y León

Social Affairs Director. Ministry of Energy / National Coordinator
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International Secretariat

Francisco Paris

Francisco Paris

francisco.eiti
Directeur Amérique latine et Caraïbes
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